GIS information is
a system intends to capture, store, manage, manipulate, analyze, the geographic
data.
The term GIS seldom used for geographic
information science (Geoscience) to relate to the academic system that
studies GIS information systems. It is a vast domain within
the broader academic discipline of Geo-informatics. What goes beyond a GIS is a
spatial data infrastructure, a concept that has no such limiting boundaries.
GIS information system
is a particular case of information systems in which the database includes
observations on spatially detailed features, activities or events, which are
definite in space as points, lines, or areas.
A geographic information system (GIS) manages
data concerning these areas, points, and lines, thus helps in recovering data
information.
GIS information system
has already influenced most of us in some of the other ways without us even recognizing
it. If you have ever used an Internet mapping program to find directions,
Congratulations, you have personally used GIS!
The latest supermarket chain on the
corner was apparently located using GIS, therefore, help in determining the
most effective place to meet customer demand.
Below are the Basic uses of GIS:
Mapping data: The
primary function of a GIS information system is to present a visual
representation of data. Thus, GIS shows the data collection and then represents
it in visual map format.
Proximity Analysis: A
proximity analysis is an analytical procedure helps in determining the
relationship between a particular location and other locations as well as
points that are in connection with each other in some way. Several
business organizations also use Proximity Analysis to identify sites suitable
for business outlets.
Buffering: Buffering
is the technique usually used with proximity analysis to show the sphere of
influence of a given point. Buffering is not only useful for building a zone
around a given geographic feature for further but also for investigation using
the overlay method.
Find Clusters: A
cluster could involve members where a distance among them is decidedly less
than a particular amount or areas where points are dense more significant than
a specific level.
Find Nearest: A
procedure that is used to measure the distances within a point and the edge of
a particular element which defines as a polygon using vector points.
Location Analysis: The
best method to classify a location for a new local outlet. The procedure that
developed from theoretical approaches can use to explain detected conditions to
an algorithm for identifying optimal locations.
GIS
Tool:
GIS applications are tools which allow
users to not only build interactive queries or user-created searches but also
allows to analyze spatial information, edit data in maps, and present the
results of all these operations.
Below is the list of GIS tools used
most commonly, they are:
- Overlay and proximity
- Surfaces
- Spatial and non-spatial statistics
- Table management
- Selection and extraction
Below are the advantages of GIS which
are therefore helpful –
The
main advantages of GIS are as follows:
Improves decision making – decisions
made more accessible because of the particular and complete information
presented concerning one or more than one locations.
Decrease costs and enhance efficiency – primarily
concerning maintenance schedules, fleet progress or scheduled timetables.
Easily understandable communication
amongst the organization as well as the departments can view in the visual
format.
Secure Managing records–
The geological changes are recorded by the GIS systems which are reliable for
documenting changes.
Managing geographically – understanding
what is and what will be occurring in a geographic space, therefore, help to
plan a course of action.
Those are among the advantages that not
only could provide the use of GIS technology but might be a great decision to
make use of it.
The GIS has relied on modifications
made in many different types of GIS systems:
- Geography
- Cartography
- Photogrammetry
- Remote Sensing
- Surveying
- Geodesy
- Civil Engineering
- Statistics
- Computer Science
- Operations Research
- Artificial Intelligence
- Demography, and many other branches or types of GIS.
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